Page 187: this is may slightly random, but with light being the main effect on circadian rhythms has there been any research done of the effect of smog pollution on light and how this effects some animals behavior? Page 189: I can think of behaviors that are affected by each type of rhythm, but are the behaviors that are influenced by multiple or even all of these rhythms? Page 195: what does the book mean when it says, "most rhythmic animals have a multitude of independent peripheral clocks in cells throughout the body"? what is the need for these to independent?
They sure have! Check these out if you want to know more about light pollution and bio rhythms: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20160617-what-rising-light-pollution-means-for-our-health
Chapter 9 1. Page 189. While I understand that lunar rhythms and semilunar rhythms are different, I'm not really understanding the reading on how they actually differ. To me when I read about what they are they seem very similar almost the same what is the difference between them? What are some examples of these differences? 2. Page 192-193. What is the fly example actually telling us? I don't understand what it is saying at all. 3. Page 198. I am really confused about circadian organization. I thought i understood it and then Figure 9.13 confused me on what it was exactly. What are circadian organization or rhythms and how does it work and what is this figure showing exactly?
Chapter 9, page 187. If a internal biological clock has nothing to do with environment, then why is a biological clock a few minutes off in a lab setting compared to its natural environment? the laboratory conditions may be constant, but can't its natural environment also be pretty constant for them? Chapter 9, Page 188, just a thought, but can messing with and testing the circadian rhythm in animals, such as the flying squirrels, hurt them in anyway? Like can changing their biological clock so much change anything about them? digestion? Reproduction and breeding cycle? Chapter 9, page 191, a seasonal change and biological clock can both influences change in an individual. They mention you need to be careful and not confuse the effect from either one,can there ever be a change that results from many different rhythms or is it always just one. Same with the many biological clocks (pg 195), can they work together or separate or both?
The biological clock is getting cues from the environment through entrainment but it has it's own, heritable rhythm. I'll try to clarify this in my lecture.
It sure can! If the bio rhythm is coordinating behavior, it can have pretty significant effects if you go in and mess with it.
Ch9 P187: Is an animals circadian or circa-annual clock set to where they are born, it is set innately? Internal clocks are not varying or changing, so the environment has no effect. Does they not change to adapt to a new part of the world? As in, would a hamster from the east coast be active at east coast nightfall if he was on the west coast? 2. P 189: Free Running period seems to be the time an animal does not feel the effects of their own internal clock. Is this naturally occurring? Or does it take an outside force to create an environment to drive this period to be felt? 3; P193) Does a more regulated internal clock lead to varying strength of senses? The bees experiment are said to have strengthened eyesight during their optimal flight time. So are most senses reliant on the internal timing to strengthen or weaken?
Chapter 9, page 188: In the flying squirrel example, the textbook states that when a squirrel encountered light, it would go back to sleep, and the next night it would wake up 30 minutes later. Why 30 minutes? Does this vary among individuals? Chapter 9, page 191: I'm assuming in the study with the ant lions that the researchers tested different amount of moonlight and found no difference. Why would this happen irrespective to the environmental lighting, while the midge emergence is affected? Chapter 9, page 192: If a circadian clock, sensitive to photoperiod, is more likely the answer to seasonal behavior changes than an annual clock, then do animals who are in environments that experience little change in the photoperiod across seasons perhaps have an annual clock? Or is it more likely that they would be responding to other environmental cues?
1) Chapter 9, page 186-187: The author explains how the biological clock has persistence in constant conditions and that the cycles continue even in the absence of environmental cues. However, what would happen to an animal's biological clock if they were constantly moved from one environment to the next? It is stated that their biological clock already changes slightly just when moving from a natural setting to a lab setting, so if their environment was constantly changing by more extreme measures, would their biological clock be able to keep up? Is it possible for an animal to lose the function of it's biological clock all together?
2) Chapter 9, page 189: On the topic of rhythmic behavior, it says that the predominant cycle is the daily light-dark circle. I was wondering how this cycle would work in areas of the world like Iceland or Alaska where they go through long periods of darkness. Would this mess with the daily light-dark cycle? Or would the animals that live there be able to adapt and still demonstrate these rhythmic behaviors?
3) Chapter 9, page 193: The author explains how the biological clock allows behavior to be synchronized with an environmental factor that the animal cannot directly sense. The author sort of explains this through the bee example, but I am still a bit confused on how this works? How exactly does the internal clock allow for this synchronization to happen, at a biological level?
I'll try to clear these up, especially your third question in my lecture.
I love your second question! So in many of these species that live in these extreme conditions, they will be more sensitive to entraining cues since they need to be responsive to a range of light:dark cycles.
Chapter 9, page 187: Here it talked about how rhythms need to reset, but it only talked about resetting in circadian rhythms. Does this also apply to ultradian and infradian rhythms?
Chapter 9, page 188: Here it talks about temperature compensation, and how biological rhythms remain accurate even in large changes in temperature. However, what about global warnings effects on hibernation in animals? Or is that a different mechanism?
Chapter 9, page 194: Here it talks about adaptiveness of biological clocks, but I am a little confused reading the section. Someone above asked if biological clocks were set, and I thought they were, so in that thinking, how can something be adaptive if it is a set trait?
Yep, any bio rhythm that is the product of a "clock" can be entrained.
Changes in photoperiod may be the cue for hibernation and migration in some species.
Innate traits can be adaptive if they've been selected by the environmental conditions. That's what fitness is all about. When we talk about adaptations and fitness, we're talking about inherited traits. I think this gets confusing because we use the word adapt/adaptive to mean learned behavioral changes in common speech but in terms of evolution, it's got to be genetically based.
1. Page 187-188. So entrainment is the resetting of these biological rhythms. Is there ever a case where these rhythms reset and it negatively impacts the animal? Like when we lose sleep our bodies reset by sleeping more to make up for lost time which can have negative impact on our bodies. Does this also occur in animals? I would assume it does, I am curious on the circumstances of this.
2. Page 189. In regards to Lunar Day rhythms, is this what occurs in species who reproduce in regards to the moon and moon phases. There is evidence of coral species mass spanning wheat he moon is in a certain phase. Is this a lunar day rhythm?
3. Page 197. On the genetic basis, if a species if born without the per gene/ cry gene would it still under go the Circadian Timing? Or would missing one be enough to stop the process all together. I know missing both would. Could it still function if both were present but one was slightly mutated?
1.) 187: It states that laboratory animals have different "rhythms" than that observed in the wild, does this account for why animals in captivity have different life expectancy's that they would in the wild?
2.)page 193: When it says that the biological clock allows bees to time their visits to the flowers so that they arrive when the flower is secreting nectar, do the bees biological clock take into consideration how long they have been at each flower and how long it will take them to travel between feeding stations?
3.) page 200: could another human implication of circadian rhythm example also be ones sleep schedule; if i were to be forced to wake up for a month straight at 5:00am each day eventually my body would naturally wake me up around 5:00am, is this an example of circadian rhythm
Chapter 9
ReplyDeletePage 187: this is may slightly random, but with light being the main effect on circadian rhythms has there been any research done of the effect of smog pollution on light and how this effects some animals behavior?
Page 189: I can think of behaviors that are affected by each type of rhythm, but are the behaviors that are influenced by multiple or even all of these rhythms?
Page 195: what does the book mean when it says, "most rhythmic animals have a multitude of independent peripheral clocks in cells throughout the body"? what is the need for these to independent?
They sure have!
DeleteCheck these out if you want to know more about light pollution and bio rhythms:
http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20160617-what-rising-light-pollution-means-for-our-health
http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/115897/1/115897.pdf
Chapter 9
ReplyDelete1. Page 189. While I understand that lunar rhythms and semilunar rhythms are different, I'm not really understanding the reading on how they actually differ. To me when I read about what they are they seem very similar almost the same what is the difference between them? What are some examples of these differences?
2. Page 192-193. What is the fly example actually telling us? I don't understand what it is saying at all.
3. Page 198. I am really confused about circadian organization. I thought i understood it and then Figure 9.13 confused me on what it was exactly. What are circadian organization or rhythms and how does it work and what is this figure showing exactly?
Chapter 9, page 187. If a internal biological clock has nothing to do with environment, then why is a biological clock a few minutes off in a lab setting compared to its natural environment? the laboratory conditions may be constant, but can't its natural environment also be pretty constant for them?
ReplyDeleteChapter 9, Page 188, just a thought, but can messing with and testing the circadian rhythm in animals, such as the flying squirrels, hurt them in anyway? Like can changing their biological clock so much change anything about them? digestion? Reproduction and breeding cycle?
Chapter 9, page 191, a seasonal change and biological clock can both influences change in an individual. They mention you need to be careful and not confuse the effect from either one,can there ever be a change that results from many different rhythms or is it always just one. Same with the many biological clocks (pg 195), can they work together or separate or both?
The biological clock is getting cues from the environment through entrainment but it has it's own, heritable rhythm. I'll try to clarify this in my lecture.
DeleteIt sure can! If the bio rhythm is coordinating behavior, it can have pretty significant effects if you go in and mess with it.
Ch9 P187: Is an animals circadian or circa-annual clock set to where they are born, it is set innately? Internal clocks are not varying or changing, so the environment has no effect. Does they not change to adapt to a new part of the world? As in, would a hamster from the east coast be active at east coast nightfall if he was on the west coast?
ReplyDelete2. P 189: Free Running period seems to be the time an animal does not feel the effects of their own internal clock. Is this naturally occurring? Or does it take an outside force to create an environment to drive this period to be felt?
3; P193) Does a more regulated internal clock lead to varying strength of senses? The bees experiment are said to have strengthened eyesight during their optimal flight time. So are most senses reliant on the internal timing to strengthen or weaken?
Chapter 9, page 188: In the flying squirrel example, the textbook states that when a squirrel encountered light, it would go back to sleep, and the next night it would wake up 30 minutes later. Why 30 minutes? Does this vary among individuals?
ReplyDeleteChapter 9, page 191: I'm assuming in the study with the ant lions that the researchers tested different amount of moonlight and found no difference. Why would this happen irrespective to the environmental lighting, while the midge emergence is affected?
Chapter 9, page 192: If a circadian clock, sensitive to photoperiod, is more likely the answer to seasonal behavior changes than an annual clock, then do animals who are in environments that experience little change in the photoperiod across seasons perhaps have an annual clock? Or is it more likely that they would be responding to other environmental cues?
1) Chapter 9, page 186-187: The author explains how the biological clock has persistence in constant conditions and that the cycles continue even in the absence of environmental cues. However, what would happen to an animal's biological clock if they were constantly moved from one environment to the next? It is stated that their biological clock already changes slightly just when moving from a natural setting to a lab setting, so if their environment was constantly changing by more extreme measures, would their biological clock be able to keep up? Is it possible for an animal to lose the function of it's biological clock all together?
ReplyDelete2) Chapter 9, page 189: On the topic of rhythmic behavior, it says that the predominant cycle is the daily light-dark circle. I was wondering how this cycle would work in areas of the world like Iceland or Alaska where they go through long periods of darkness. Would this mess with the daily light-dark cycle? Or would the animals that live there be able to adapt and still demonstrate these rhythmic behaviors?
3) Chapter 9, page 193: The author explains how the biological clock allows behavior to be synchronized with an environmental factor that the animal cannot directly sense. The author sort of explains this through the bee example, but I am still a bit confused on how this works? How exactly does the internal clock allow for this synchronization to happen, at a biological level?
I'll try to clear these up, especially your third question in my lecture.
DeleteI love your second question! So in many of these species that live in these extreme conditions, they will be more sensitive to entraining cues since they need to be responsive to a range of light:dark cycles.
Chapter 9, page 187: Here it talked about how rhythms need to reset, but it only talked about resetting in circadian rhythms. Does this also apply to ultradian and infradian rhythms?
ReplyDeleteChapter 9, page 188: Here it talks about temperature compensation, and how biological rhythms remain accurate even in large changes in temperature. However, what about global warnings effects on hibernation in animals? Or is that a different mechanism?
Chapter 9, page 194: Here it talks about adaptiveness of biological clocks, but I am a little confused reading the section. Someone above asked if biological clocks were set, and I thought they were, so in that thinking, how can something be adaptive if it is a set trait?
Yep, any bio rhythm that is the product of a "clock" can be entrained.
DeleteChanges in photoperiod may be the cue for hibernation and migration in some species.
Innate traits can be adaptive if they've been selected by the environmental conditions. That's what fitness is all about. When we talk about adaptations and fitness, we're talking about inherited traits. I think this gets confusing because we use the word adapt/adaptive to mean learned behavioral changes in common speech but in terms of evolution, it's got to be genetically based.
1. Page 187-188. So entrainment is the resetting of these biological rhythms. Is there ever a case where these rhythms reset and it negatively impacts the animal? Like when we lose sleep our bodies reset by sleeping more to make up for lost time which can have negative impact on our bodies. Does this also occur in animals? I would assume it does, I am curious on the circumstances of this.
ReplyDelete2. Page 189. In regards to Lunar Day rhythms, is this what occurs in species who reproduce in regards to the moon and moon phases. There is evidence of coral species mass spanning wheat he moon is in a certain phase. Is this a lunar day rhythm?
3. Page 197. On the genetic basis, if a species if born without the per gene/ cry gene would it still under go the Circadian Timing? Or would missing one be enough to stop the process all together. I know missing both would. Could it still function if both were present but one was slightly mutated?
1.) 187: It states that laboratory animals have different "rhythms" than that observed in the wild, does this account for why animals in captivity have different life expectancy's that they would in the wild?
ReplyDelete2.)page 193: When it says that the biological clock allows bees to time their visits to the flowers so that they arrive when the flower is secreting nectar, do the bees biological clock take into consideration how long they have been at each flower and how long it will take them to travel between feeding stations?
3.) page 200: could another human implication of circadian rhythm example also be ones sleep schedule; if i were to be forced to wake up for a month straight at 5:00am each day eventually my body would naturally wake me up around 5:00am, is this an example of circadian rhythm